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The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) is an autonomous organisation under the Ministry of Education, Govt. of India. The board was established in the year 1929 by the resolution of the government. It is the national board of education for both public and private schools in India. The autonomous board was given its formal name in 1952 and was appropriately reconstituted in 1962.
CBSE has a PAN-India presence with over 27000 affiliated schools spread across the country and approximately 240 schools in 28 countries worldwide.

CBSE’s Objective

The Central Board has many objectives in their bucket. Some of them are:
  • Define academic methodologies to provide students with a stress-free environment and a student-centric holistic approach without compromising on the quality of education.
  • Analyze and monitor the valuable feedback from its stakeholders about the system.
  • Apply psychological, pedagogical, and social principles to achieve academic excellence.
  • Encourage schools to document the communication between students and teachers for the research towards improving education.
  • Implement professional development and empowerment programs for teachers to update their skills.
  • Establish examination conditions and hold a public examination at the end of classes X and XII whilst providing successful applicants from the affiliated schools with certifications.
  • Specify and keep up with the exam schedule and guidelines.
  • Affiliate institutions to examine students and improve the nation’s academic standards.

CBSE Education System

The Ministry of Education, Government of India, oversees the CBSE. This unified educational system guarantees consistency for all CBSE students in India and abroad. In addition, a certificate from the national educational institution is now accepted in nearly all colleges and other higher education institutions, thanks to the Central Board of Secondary Education’s growing international recognition.
  • The CBSE Board is easier to follow when compared to other education boards. The educational framework of CBSE enables students to study hard in class while also developing their skills.
  • It equips students with essential and comprehensive information necessary for their academic advancement.
As a result, when it comes to clearing the significant engineering and medical entrance examinations, international olympiads or other competitive examinations after class 12, CBSE students have an advantage over other students.

CBSE Board Grading System

CBSE Board exams are conducted for Class X and XII. They are held once a year. To award the grades to the students based on their performance, CBSE has their own grading system.
The CBSE has established a 9-point grading scale for class X and XII students. Grades are assigned based on a range of marks and consider both formative and summative evaluations. Below is the 9-point grading system:
Marks Grades Points of Grade
91-100 A1 10
81-90 A2 9
71-80 B1 8
61-70 B2 7
51-60 C1 6
41-50 C2 5
31-40 D 4
21-30 E1 –
0-20 E2 –

CBSE Exam Pattern

National Education Policy 2020 has affirmed the necessity to switch from rote to competency-based learning. The new policy aims to provide the students with the necessary skills to proactively tackle the demands of the 21st century. CBSE has taken numerous steps to move forward with Competency-Based Education (CBE) in schools. These include integrating assessment with CBE, creating resources that serve as a framework for CBE pedagogy and assessment, and enhancing teacher capacity.
The Examination Pattern for the IX-X (2024-25) internal/year-end Board Exams are as follows.
Class IX and X are combined courses. Students should, therefore, only take subjects in Class IX that they intend to continue in Class X. CBSE offers the following types of subjects:
  • Compulsory Subjects
  • Optional Subjects
  • Subjects of Internal Assessment

Compulsory Subjects

Subjects Name of Subjects Theory Marks Time (Hrs.) Internal Marks Total Marks
Subject 1 Language I (Hindi or English) 80 3 20 100
Subject 2 Language II (Any other than the Language chosen as Subject 1) 80 3 20 100
Subject 3 Mathematics – Basic or Mathematics Standard 80 3 20 100
Subject 4 Science 80 3 20 100
Subject 5 Social Science 80 3 20 100

Optional Subjects

Subjects Name of Subjects Theory Marks Practical Marks Total Marks
Subject 6 Skill Subject 50 50 100
Subject 7 Language III /Any subject other than opted above 50 50 100

Subjects of Internal Assessment

(assessment and certification at school level)

Subjects Name of Subjects Marks Distribution
Subject 8 & 9 Health & Physical Education Work Experience* Total Marks – 20

  • Periodic Assessment – 5 Marks
  • Multiple Assessment – 5 Marks
  • Portfolio – 5 Marks
  • Subject Enrichment Activities – 5 Marks

CBSE Board Exam Syllabus

CBSE recommends the NCERT books for students from classes VI to XII. As a result, the NCERT books are the basis for its detailed syllabus. Click the links below for a complete syllabus for classes VI to XII.
Class Syllabus
Class VI Click here for a detailed syllabus
Class VII Click here for a detailed syllabus
Class VIII Click here for a detailed syllabus
Class IX Click here for a detailed syllabus
Class X Click here for a detailed syllabus
Class XI Click here for a detailed syllabus
Class XII Click here for a detailed syllabus

CBSE Board Exam Sample Papers

CBSE Boards are conducted for classes X and XII. Our subject-matter experts have created sample papers to help students prepare for their board exams. Sample papers are a great resource for analysing your conceptual understanding, practice, and performance evaluation. In addition, they allow you to identify your areas of strength and weakness.
Download the sample papers for different subjects below to improve your board performance.
Class Syllabus
Class VI Class VI Mathematics Sample Paper
Class VI Science Sample Paper
Class VII Class VII Mathematics Sample Paper
Class VII Science Sample Paper
Class VIII Class VIII Mathematics Sample Paper
Class VIII Science Sample Paper
Class IX Class IX Mathematics Sample Paper
Class IX Science Sample Paper
Class X Class X Mathematics Sample Paper
Class X Science Sample Paper
Class XI Class XI Mathematics Sample Paper
Class XI Physics Sample Paper
Class XI Chemistry Sample Paper
Class XI Biology Sample Paper
Class XII Class XII Mathematics Sample Paper
Class XII Physics Sample Paper
Class XII Chemistry Sample Paper
Class XII Biology Sample Paper

CBSE Board Exam Question Papers

A great way to improve performance for the board exams is to practice the previous year’s question papers. The past five years CBSE question papers for classes X and XII are listed below to boost your performance.

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